- ADULT ORAL NUTRITION
- ADULT THERAPEUTIC NUTRITION
- MALNUTRITION
- NUTRITION IN THE NICU
- TERM INFANT NUTRITION
Nutrition Intervention with Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONS)
ONS have been demonstrated to be more effective than dietary advice and snacks; greater intakes of energy, protein, and micronutrients and significantly fewer complications have been shown in patients taking ONS.
* Readmission defined as return to a study hospital for any diagnosis. Data measured delayed readmission and do not include patients not readmitted due to recovery or death.
Abstracts and Clinical Summary: Decreased Readmissions, LOS and Episode Cost
This study outlines the effect oral nutrition supplements have on hospital readmission, detail the impact of oral nutrition supplementation of patients with COPD, and show how oral nutritional supplements provided during hospitalization were associated with decreased length of stay and episode costs.
Clinical Summary: Decreased Readmission
Gariballa and colleagues published a study in 2006 in older hospital patients with acute disease showing that over a 6-month time period, 29% of patients in the ONS group were readmitted to the hospital vs. 40% of patients in the control group. This represents a 28% reduction in hospital readmissions.
Clinical Summary: Decreased Readmission and Reduced Complications
In 2012 Cawood et al published a meta-analysis with the conclusion that high-protein ONS is associated with significant reduction in complications, fewer readmissions to the hospital, and improvement in handgrip strength.
Disease-Related Malnutrition Clinical Summary Overview
Both disease-related malnutrition and sarcopenia are associated with substantial adverse outcomes affecting both the patient and the healthcare system, including increased morbidity, mortality, rehospitalization rates, and healthcare costs. Clinicians are urged to screen, assess, and treat these conditions so as to adequately address the full spectrum of patients’ nutritional issues.
References
- Lacson E, Jr., Wang W, Zebrowski B, Wingard R, Hakim RM. Am J Kidney Dis. Oct 2012;60(4):591-600.
- Caglar K, Fedje L, Dimmitt R, Hakim RM, Shyr Y, Ikizler TA. Kidney Int. Sep 2002;62(3):1054-1059.
References
- Moreland SS. Nutrition screening and counseling in adults with lung cancer: a systematic review of the evidence. Clinical journal of oncology nursing. Oct 2010;14(5):609-614.
- Di Sebastiano KM, Mourtzakis M. A critical evaluation of body composition modalities used to assess adipose and skeletal muscle tissue in cancer. Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme. Oct 2012;37(5):811-821.
- Nayel H, el-Ghoneimy E, el-Haddad S. Impact of nutritional supplementation on treatment delay and morbidity in patients with head and neck tumors treated with irradiation. Nutrition. Jan-Feb 1992;8(1):13-18.
- Davidson W, Teleni L, Muller J, et al. Malnutrition and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: implications for practice. Oncology nursing forum. Jul 2012;39(4):E340-345.
- Bosaeus I, Daneryd P, Lundholm K. Dietary intake, resting energy expenditure, weight loss and survival in cancer patients. The Journal of nutrition. Nov 2002;132(11 Suppl):3465S-3466S.
- Chang PH, Yeh KY, Huang JS, et al. Pretreatment performance status and nutrition are associated with early mortality of locally advanced head and neck cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiation. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies. May 2013;270(6):1909-1915.
- Odelli C, Burgess D, Bateman L, et al. Nutrition support improves patient outcomes, treatment tolerance and admission characteristics in oesophageal cancer. Clinical oncology. Dec 2005;17(8):639-645.
- Dewys WD, Begg C, Lavin PT, et al. Prognostic effect of weight loss prior to chemotherapy in cancer patients. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. The American journal of medicine. Oct 1980;69(4):491-497.
- Laviano A, Meguid MM. Nutritional issues in cancer management. Nutrition. May 1996;12(5):358-371.
- Andreyev HJ, Norman AR, Oates J, Cunningham D. Why do patients with weight loss have a worse outcome when undergoing chemotherapy for gastrointestinal malignancies? European journal of cancer. Mar 1998;34(4):503-509.
- Pressoir M, Desne S, Berchery D, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and clinical implications of malnutrition in French Comprehensive Cancer Centres.British journal of cancer. Mar 16 2010;102(6):966-971.
- Ottery FD. Cancer cachexia: prevention, early diagnosis, and management. Cancer practice. Mar-Apr 1994;2(2):123-131.
- American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer. Cancer Program Standards 2012: Ensuring Patient Centered Care. Chicago IACoS.
- Oncology Nutrition For Clinical Practice. 2013.
References
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes Report Card 2012. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services; 2012.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States, 2014. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2014.
References
- Hegazi RA, Wischmeyer PE. Crit Care. 2011;15:234
- McClave SA, Martindale RG, Vanek VW, et al. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. May-Jun 2009;33(3):277-316.
- Critical Care Nutrition. 2015 Canadian Clinical Practice Guidelines http://www.criticalcarenutrition.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=25&Itemid=109. Accessed June 18, 2015.
- Pontes-Arruda A, Martins LF, de Lima SM, et al. Crit Care. 2011;15(3):R144.
- Bedi NM, McGurk S, Burgess AM, Rawn JD. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011;35(1):138.
References
- Itoh M, Tsuji T, Nemoto K, Nakamura H, Aoshiba K. Nutrients. Apr 2013;5(4):1316-35.
- GOLD. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of COPD. 2014 http://www.goldcopd.com/uploads/users/files/GOLD_Report_2014_Oct30.pdf
- Stratton RJ, Green CJ, Elia M. Disease-related malnutrition: an evidence based approach to treatment. Oxford, United Kingdom: CABI Publishing (CABI International), 2003.
- Cochrane WJ, et al. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2004;17:3-11.
- Battaglia S, Spatafora M, Paglino G, et al. Eur Respir J. 2011;37:1340-5.
- Hsu M-F, Ho S-C, Kuo H-P, et al. COPD. 2014;11:325-32.
- Engelen MPKJ, Schols AMWJ, Baken WC, et al. Eur Respir J. 1994;7:1793-7.
- Schols AM, Soeters PB, Dingemans AM, et al. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993;147:1151–56.
- Vermeeren MA, Creutzberg EC, Schols AM, et al. Respir Med. 2006;100:1349–55
- Collins PF, Stratton RJ, Elia M. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;95:1385-95.
- Ferreira IM, Brooks D, White J, Goldstein R. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD000998. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000998.pub3.
- Collins PF, Elia M, Stratton RJ. Respirol J. 2013;18:616-29.
- Alish CJ, et al. Diabetes Tech & Ther. 2010;12:419-425.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20470226
*Readmission defined as return to a study hospital for any diagnosis. Data measured delayed readmission and do not include patients not readmitted due to recovery or death.
References
1 Coats KG et al. J Am Diet Assoc 1993; 93: 27-33.
2 Giner M et al. Nutrition 1996; 12: 23-29.
3 Thomas DR et al. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 75: 308-313.
4 Norman K et al. Clin Nutr. 2008; 27: 5-15.
* At significant levels
Footnotes
*Markers of stem-cell differentiation into neural progenitor cells as measured in cell culture.
†Provided in OptiGRO formulas as RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate
‡RRR alpha-tocopherol.
§Primary cortical neurons from neonatal rats.